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And while it would be impossible to tell you about every kind of mushroom—there are more than 10,000 after all—we can discuss some of the most common mushroom types along with what they’re best used for.
1. White Button Mushroom. Characteristics: The most common and mildest-tasting mushroom around. Ninety percent of the mushrooms we eat are this variety.
There are four types of mushrooms: saprotrophic, mycorrhizal, parasitic, and endophytic. While there are many different types of mushrooms within these categories, not all of them are edible. Since some may be poisonous or hallucinogenic, it’s important to be careful if you ever try to pick mushrooms in the wild.
Maitake. Also called Hen-of-the-wood, this is pound-for-pound the most flavorful mushroom around. You could definitely say we’re maitake fans. It’s extremely versatile, just as good sautéed with butter as it is on pizza.
Mushrooms with a red color on the cap or stem are also either poisonous or strongly hallucinogenic. The most notorious red-colored mushroom is Amanita muscaria, which has been consumed for thousands of years to produce visions. In large doses, even this “magic mushroom” can be lethal.
What Is the Rarest Mushroom? The yartsa gunbu also wins the prize for rarest mushroom. It’s not just that these mushrooms are only found in the wild growing out of caterpillars. They also only grow in a specific area as well.
Some of the mushrooms considered best for human health include chaga, lion’s mane, reishi, turkey tail, shiitake, cordyceps and maitake. Often considered vegetables, mushrooms are neither plants nor animals. They belong to a unique kingdom of fungi.
- Button Mushrooms. They are most common variety of mushrooms found in India and are a popular choice for cooking as well. …
- Portobello Mushrooms. …
- Shitake Mushrooms. …
- Enoki Mushrooms. …
- Morel Mushrooms. …
- Oyster Mushrooms. …
- Straw Mushrooms. …
- Lion’s Mane Mushroom.
A truffle can generally be considered a type of mushroom under a definition that states “any spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungi a mushroom”. This is generally true even though truffles grow below ground and don’t have a prominent stem or spore-bearing surface like most other mushrooms.
Matsutake mushrooms, the highly-prized autumnal delicacy revered by fine-diners in Japan, are the world’s most expensive mushrooms. Their disappearing habitat in Japan means the price continues climb.
Toadstool Info However, toadstools are actually considered poisonous mushrooms. To be on the safe side, it is always best to consider all mushrooms as poisonous unless you are an expert at mushroom identification. Poisonous mushrooms, when eaten, can cause serious illness and in some cases even death.
Coprinopsis atramentaria, commonly known as the common ink cap or inky cap, is an edible (although poisonous, when combined with alcohol) mushroom found in Europe and North America.
Jack-o’-lantern mushrooms — scientifically known as Omphalotus illudens — are bright orange and have been said to glow a faint green color in the dark, the department’s field guide says. They are also poisonous. “Eating the jack-o’-lantern will make you very sick for a few days,” experts say.
- Octopus Stinkhorn (Clathrus archeri) …
- Zombie Fungus (Ophiocordyceps) …
- Devil’s Tooth (Hydnellum peckii) …
- Doll’s Eyes (Actaea pachypoda) …
- Dead Man’s Fingers (Xylaria polymorpha) …
- Tropical Pitcher Plants (Nepenthes) …
- Strangler Fig. …
- Mycena manipularis.
When it comes to the Phallaceae family of fungi, a.k.a. the stinkhorn mushrooms, however, there is only side to the story, and it is maximally disgusting. Everything from their name to their taste to the way they look is 100% grade-A barf-o-rama.
- Rhodotus palmatus. Pictured above, Rhodotus palmatus is known as the wrinkled peach, for obvious reasons. …
- Sarcoscypha coccinea. …
- Amanita muscaria. …
- Laccaria amethystina. …
- Hydnellum peckii. …
- Clavaria zollingeri. …
- Entoloma hochstetteri. …
- Aseroe rubra.
Mushrooms can be found growing above ground, whilst truffles always grow underground attached to tree roots. You’ll find your average mushroom all year round in any season, whilst truffles have very short seasons and are very difficult to cultivate on farms. Truffles grow underground.
Truffles are costly because they’re hard to find, frustrating to grow, and impossible to store for any length of time. They generally range from strawberry- to apple-sized, though larger ones have been discovered. … Black truffles from France and white truffles from Italy are the two most highly valued.
Truffles thrive in moist soil, so search where the ground is often damp and/or spend the most time looking just after there’s been a lot of rainy weather. For the best results, search 10-14 days after a heavy rainfall has taken place. Search near beech, fir, and oak trees.
- Oyster mushrooms.
- Shiitake mushrooms.
- Wine cap mushrooms.
- Pioppino mushrooms.
- Lion’s mane mushrooms.
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It binds to and disables an enzyme responsible for making new proteins. Without this enzyme, cells can’t function, and liver failure results. Without proper, prompt treatment, the victim can experience rapid organ failure, coma, and death. A few mouthfuls of death cap mushroom can kill.
These are the ones to look for. Luckily, a few types of wild mushrooms are edible. Morels (Morchella) and shaggy mane or inky caps (Coprinus comatus) are fine to eat, as are a type of chicken mushroom or sulphur shelf mushroom (Laetiporus sulphureus) and puffballs (Calvatia, Lycoperdon).
Great ‘starter’ mushroom Only young, immature puffballs are edible. The interior tissue must be soft; bread-like; and uniformly white. Once the flesh changes color and/or becomes mushy, spores are present. The mushroom is past its prime, no longer edible, and can cause digestive problems.
Agaricus bisporus, along with many other edible mushrooms, contain a few poisonous or irritating compounds. These include hydrazines, a group of carcinogenic chemicals. … Eating a raw button mushroom isn’t going to kill you, but who knows what a small amount of chemical exposure can do to you over time.
There’s only one poisonous chanterelle look alike, the Jack-O-Lantern mushroom (Omphalotus olearius). While the Jack-O-Lantern mushroom is, in fact, an orange mushroom, that’s about where the similarity ends. Jack-O-Lantern mushrooms have true gills, that are not blunt like chanterelle gills.
Poisonous wild mushrooms can grow on any lawn, and some of them resemble common edible mushrooms. … The clear majority of wild mushrooms aren’t poisonous, but it’s hard to tell the difference, and many poisonous mushrooms mascaraed as their edible counterparts.
But unlike the chanterelles, the jack-o’-lantern mushroom contains the toxin illudin S, and is poisonous to humans. While it likely won’t kill you, it will still give you severe cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea.