Was a plebiscite held in Kashmir? un plebiscite on kashmir.
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Muckraking journalism emerged at the end of the 19th century largely in response to the excesses of the Gilded Age, and Ida Tarbell was one of the most famous of the muckrakers.
Instantly popular with readers, “The History of the Standard Oil Company” grew to be a 19-part series, published between November 1902 and October 1904. Tarbell wrote a detailed exposé of Rockefeller’s unethical tactics, sympathetically portraying the plight of Pennsylvania’s independent oil workers.
Ironically, Tarbell began her research by interviewing one of her father’s former fellow independents back in Pennsylvania—Henry H. Rogers. After the Cleveland Massacre, Rogers spent 25 years working alongside Rockefeller, building Standard Oil into one of the first and largest multinational corporations in the world.
Lincoln Steffens (1866–1936) The Shame of the Cities (1904) – uncovered the corruption of several political machines in major cities.
By the year 1904, Standard Oil had monopolized the entire oil production and distribution industry in the United States. This monopolization was the direct cause of John D. Rockefeller, the founder of the company, becoming the richest man in modern history and the richest American of all time.
The History of the Standard Oil Company, originally a serial that ran in McClure’s, is one of the most thorough accounts of the rise of a business monopoly and its use of unfair practices; her reporting contributed to the subsequent breakup of Standard Oil, which was found to be in violation of the Sherman Antitrust …
Both the trial judge and a unanimous federal appeals court agreed that Standard Oil was a monopoly violating the Sherman Antitrust Act. They also supported the government’s recommendation that the trust should be dissolved into independent competing companies. Standard Oil then appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.
She was the only woman in her graduating class at Allegheny College in 1880. The McClure’s magazine journalist was an investigative reporting pioneer; Tarbell exposed unfair practices of the Standard Oil Company, leading to a U.S. Supreme Court decision to break its monopoly.
Ida M. Tarbell, pictured here in 1904, made it the focus of her journalistic career to expose Standard Oil and Rockefeller’s brutal business practices. Tarbell later claimed she was opposed to Standard Oil not simply because it was dominant but because of what she perceived to be unfair business practices.
Muckraker is the word used to describe any Progressive Era journalist who investigated and publicized social and economic injustices. Theodore Roosevelt applied the term in his important speech in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1906, entitled “The Man With the Muck-Rake.”
The investigative techniques of the muckrakers included poring over documents, conducting countless interviews, and going undercover. This differed from yellow journalism, where some leading newspapers sensationalized stories using imagination rather than facts.
A muckraker was any of a group of American writers identified with pre-World War I reform and exposé writing. The muckrakers provided detailed, accurate journalistic accounts of the political and economic corruption and social hardships caused by the power of big business in a rapidly industrializing United States.
a. The muckrakers were journalists who investigated and exposed the corruption in politics, business, and society.
Standard Oil broke up in 1911 as a result of a lawsuit brought against it by the U.S. government in 1906 under the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.
Standard-Vacuum Oil Co., or “Stanvac”, operated in 50 countries, from East Africa to New Zealand, before it was dissolved in 1962. The original Standard Oil Company corporate entity continues in existence and was the operating entity for Sohio; it is now a subsidiary of BP.
In 1911, following the Supreme Court ruling, Standard Oil was broken into seven successor companies; Standard Oil of New Jersey, Standard Oil of New York, Standard Oil of California, Standard Oil of Indiana, Standard Oil of Kentucky, The Standard Oil Company (Ohio), and The Ohio Oil Company.
What was a immediate consequence of the formation of the Standard Oil Trust? Competition in the oil industry almost disappeared and profits soared.
Her best-known work, The History of the Standard Oil Company (1904), exposed the questionable business practices of John D. Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Trust, which had been formed when Rockefeller combined all his corporations in an attempt to reduce competition and control prices in the oil industry.
Heirs to the oil fortune created by John D. The Rockefeller Family Fund, a charity that supports causes related to the environment, economic justice and other issues, is liquidating its investments in fossil fuel companies, including Exxon Mobil (XOM). …
The popular explanation of this case is that Standard Oil monopolized the oil industry, destroyed rivals through the use of predatory price-cutting, raised prices to consumers and was punished by the Supreme Court for these proven transgressions. Nice story but totally false.
John D. RockefellerParent(s)William Avery Rockefeller Eliza DavisonRelativesRockefeller family
Rockefeller justified his business practices in Darwinian terms: “The growth of a large business is merely the survival of the fittest …
In 1891 she took her savings and went to Paris, where she enrolled in the Sorbonne and supported herself by writing articles for American magazines. S.S. McClure, founder of McClure’s Magazine, hired her in 1894.
The History of the Standard Oil Company is a 1904 book by journalist Ida Tarbell. It is an exposé about the Standard Oil Company, run at the time by oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller, the richest figure in American history.
Standard Oil, before its famous breakup due to monopolistic reasons, was worth at least $1 trillion. Adjusted for inflation it would likely be more, but we kept this conservative. Microsoft reached its peak valuation in 1999, at the top of the Dotcom Bubble.
Tarbell brought the company’s shady dealings to light, and the federal government sued Standard Oil. The Supreme Court ordered Standard Oil’s breakup in 1911, but only after more narrowly defining illegal monopoly. Congress strengthened antitrust laws with the Federal Trade Commission Act and Clayton Antitrust Act.
Born into modest circumstances in upstate New York, he entered the then-fledgling oil business in 1863 by investing in a Cleveland, Ohio refinery. In 1870, he established Standard Oil, which by the early 1880s controlled some 90 percent of U.S. refineries and pipelines.
Through her achievements, she not only helped to expand the role of the newspaper in modern society and stimulate the Progressive reform movement, but she also became a role model for women wishing to become professional journalists.
How did Ida Tarbell help end the Standard Oil monopoly? She wrote a series of articles exposing the corruption of Standard Oil.
Sinclair thought of himself as a novelist, not as a muckraker who investigated and wrote about economic and social injustices. But The Jungle took on a life of its own as one of the great muckraking works of the Progressive Era. Sinclair became an “accidental muckraker.”
These magazines spent a lot of money on researching and digging up “muck,” hence the name muckrakers. This name was given to them by Pres. Roosevelt- 1906. These investigative journalists were trying to make the public aware of problems that needed fixing.
Barre, Massachusetts, U.S. Jacob August Riis (/riːs/; May 3, 1849 – May 26, 1914) was a Danish-American social reformer, “muckraking” journalist and social documentary photographer. He contributed significantly to the cause of urban reform in America at the turn of the twentieth century.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. The era of yellow journalism may be said to have ended shortly after the turn of the 20th century, with the World’s gradual retirement from the competition in sensationalism.
the term originates from members of the Progressive movement in America who wanted to expose the corruption and scandals in government and business. muckrakers often wrote about impoverished people and took aim at the established institutions of society.
Muckrakers were journalists and novelists of the Progressive Era who sought to expose corruption in big business and government.
Upton Sinclair intended to expose “the inferno of exploitation [of the typical American factory worker at the turn of the 20th Century]”, but the reading public fixed on food safety as the novel’s most pressing issue.
One result largely attributable to Tarbell’s work was a Supreme Court decision in 1911 that found Standard Oil in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. The Court found that Standard was an illegal monopoly and ordered it broken into 34 separate companies.
The Square Deal was based on three basic ideas: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection. The Square Deal sought to protect both business and labor, and to ease the radical voice in both and reach a compromise.
His presidency endowed the progressive movement with credibility, lending the prestige of the White House to welfare legislation, government regulation, and the conservation movement.