What drug is an anesthetic used by veterinarians?

Once the animal is relaxed, the anesthesiologist or a supervised veterinary technician will insert an intravenous catheter and inject a drug, often propofol, a short-acting anesthetic also used in human medicine, to render the pet unconscious.

Background: Telazol (tiletamine hydrochloride 50 mg/mL, zolazepam hydrochloride 50 mg/mL) is utilized in veterinary medicine as a small-animal anesthetic. Telazol is comparable to ketamine in efficacy, and in conjunction with ketamine, has been responsible for one reported human fatality.

Ketamine can be used as both a pre-medication and induction agent (often used in combination with a benzodiazepine). It is one of the most commonly used anesthetic drugs in veterinary medicine. Ketamine produces a trancelike anesthesia often termed dissociative anesthesia or catalepsy.

• marbofloxacin – antibiotic.
• maropitant – antiemetic.
• mavacoxib – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
• medetomidine – surgical anesthetic and analgesic.
• meloxicam – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
• metacam – used to reduce inflammation and pain.
• methimazole – used in treatment of hyperthyroidism.

– Inhalant anesthetic. Today, most veterinary practices use isoflurane and sevoflurane (colloquially referred to as “iso” and “sevo” for short). “Isoflurane is the most commonly used gas anesthesia for canines in the United States. Sevoflurane is a newer agent that is also commonly used,” explains Dr.

Anesthetic and pain management Acepromazine and azaperone are two tranquilizers that can be useful in small ruminant and cervid chemical restraint protocols. Acepromazine is the most common phenothiazine tranquilizer in veterinary medicine and is readily available.

In dogs, trazodone has been used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, alone or in combination with other behavioral medications. The drug enhanced behavioral calmness and reduced anxiety thereby improving patient welfare with few side effects.

Etorphine HCl (M99, 10 mg/mL, Wildlife Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Windsor, Colorado) is considered the most widely used UPO in zoo and wildlife anesthesia,5 and is the induction agent of choice for elephant, rhinoceros, nondomestic equids, and other hoofstock.

The most commonly used anesthetic gases are halothane, nitrous oxide, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane.

Purpose and Applicability. Isoflurane gas is commonly used as an inhalation anesthetic in animal research. It is a clear, colorless, volatile liquid at room temperature and pressure.

• Prescription-only Medicine – Veterinarian; abbreviated to POM-V;
• Prescription-only Medicine – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, Suitably Qualified Person (SQP); abbreviated to POM-VPS;
• Non-Food Animal – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, Suitably Qualified Person; abbreviated to NFA-VPS; and,

Veterinarians typically do not dispense such widely abused drugs as Vicodin, OxyContin or Percocet, but they do dispense Tramadol, a painkiller; ketamine, an anesthetic, and hydrocodone, an opiate used to treat coughing in dogs – controlled substances that humans abuse.

Anesthetic agents Guaifenesin is used as a muscle relaxant prior to anesthesia induction in some animals. Propofol is commonly used in small animal anesthesia, however it is rarely used in large animals due to the cost.

Medetomidine is a synthetic drug used as both a surgical anesthetic and analgesic. It is often used as the hydrochloride salt, medetomidine hydrochloride, a crystalline white solid. It is an α2 adrenergic agonist that can be administered as an intravenous drug solution with sterile water.

According to the North American Veterinary Anesthesia Society (NAVAS), all patients undergoing dental procedures should be anesthetized with an endotracheal tube (ETT) secured in place to ensure a patent airway and to prevent aspiration of foreign material.

Xylazine is an analogue of clonidine and an agonist at the α2 class of adrenergic receptor. It is used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals such as horses, cattle and other non-human mammals.

Of note, however, administration of alprazolam to horses is not approved by the Food and Drug Administration and would be classified as extralabel use.

Rimadyl is one of the brand names for the veterinary drug carprofen. Carprofen belongs to a group of drugs called NSAIDs, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs act to reduce inflammation with fewer negative side effects than steroids, making them more suitable than steroids for long-term use.

Trazodone can be used to treat behavioral problems in dogs and cats. Behavioral problems are often one of the reasons animals are euthanized, especially if the behavior is dangerous. Trazodone may help to prevent this behavior.

Trazodone can both sedate a dog and relieve anxiety. This is a good dog sedative for grooming, veterinary visits, thunderstorms/fireworks, and other short-term stressful events.

Trazodone is considered to be quite safe to use in dogs, causing only mild and rare side effects. In the majority of cases, the dog will become more sedated or lethargic than expected. In some dogs, the drug may cause mild excitation or anxiety, and quite rarely this anxiety might result in aggressive behavior.

• Azaperone.
• Combelen (Bayer)
• Domosedan (Farmos)
• Dormicum (midazolam) (Roche)
• Detomidine (Farmos)
• Fentanyl and Carfentanyl (Janssen Pharmaceutica)
• Etorphine hydrochloride (M–99, Novartis)
• Haloperidol (Kyron Laboratory)

Essentially, prescription sedatives (barbiturates) are prescribed for acute anxiety, tension, and sleep disorders. On the other hand, prescription tranquilizers (benzodiazepines) are prescribed for anxiety, acute stress reactions, or panic attacks.

Many over-the-counter options are available for mild anxiety, including: nutritional supplements like L-theanine, melatonin, or s-adenosyl-methionine. synthetic pheromone preparations (e.g., dog appeasing pheromone or DAP) body wraps that provide reassuring pressure.

Isoflurane has the lowest MAC, requiring the lowest alveolar concentration to abolish motor response, and is the most potent agent of the three mentioned.

Cocaine, a compound indigenous to the Andes Mountains, West Indies, and Java, was the first anesthetic to be discovered and is the only naturally occurring local anesthetic; all others are synthetically derived. Cocaine was introduced into Europe in the 1800s following its isolation from coca beans.

For an anesthetic such as desflurane, the initial uptake of anesthetic is less than the amount delivered. At the start of anesthesia, A-v is maximal because no anesthetic is in venous blood. Thus, initially, for a given alveolar concentration (i.e., for A), uptake is proportional to blood solubility × cardiac output.

In gen- eral, a mixture of sodium pentobarbital, chloral hydrate, and magnesium sulfate (Equithesin, Jensen-Salsbery Lab.) injected intramuscularly is most commonly used for small birds, but the dose is critical, so birds must be weighed to the nearest gram.

A variety of inhalant anesthetics are available, but isoflurane is the most commonly used. Isoflurane produces rapid induction and recovery from anesthesia. The depth of anesthesia can be easily and quickly altered.

The open-drop method of isoflurane exposure can be used to anesthetize mice and rats for brief non-surgical procedures. To maintain anesthesia for 5-10 minutes duration, a simple nose cone can be constructed from a syringe with the plunger removed.

A veterinary practitioner may write a prescription for a restricted substance (Schedule 4) or a drug of addiction (Schedule 8) for veterinary treatment only and must endorse all such prescriptions with the words “FOR ANIMAL TREATMENT ONLY”.

Since adequate directions for safe and effective lay use cannot be written for prescription animal drugs, such products can only be sold on the prescription or other order of a licensed veterinarian.

Prescription Only Medicine – Veterinarian (POM-V) Prescription Only Medicine – Veterinarian, Pharmacist, SQP (POM-VPS)

Prescriptions for CIII-V controlled drugs can be in written form using a California compliant secure prescription form. Prescriptions may also be submitted orally or electronically (faxed) to the pharmacist. The pharmacist will reduce the oral or electronic order into a written prescription.

Tramadol is a medication veterinarians commonly dispense to manage pain in dogs. Physicians also frequently prescribe tramadol for human aches and pains, and it is one of the few human painkillers that is safe to give to dogs under the guidance of a veterinarian.

Veterinarians typically do not prescribe or dispense the opioids that are widely misused by humans such as Vicodin, OxyContin or Percocet; however, they do dispense tramadol, ketamine, hydrocodone and other substances that are also sought by those who misuse opioids.

• acepromazine – sedative, tranquilizer, and antiemetic.
• albendazole – antihelminthic.
• alprazolam – benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic and tranquilizer.
• altrenogest – used to synchronizes estrus.
• amantadine – analgesic for chronic pain.
• aminophylline – bronchodilator.
• amitraz – antiparasitic.

Yes. Veterinarians can legally prescribe an approved human drug in animals in certain circumstances. This is called an extra-label use.

A ‘veterinary prescription’ is defined by EU law as ‘any prescription for a veterinary medicinal product issued by a professional person qualified to do so in accordance with applicable national law’. The word ‘veterinary’ takes its normal meaning ‘of or for animals’.